Gas planets

1.Why gas planets are far from the Sun?

Rock planets are close to the sun. But gas planets are far from the Sun. Rock planets' space is hotter than gas planets' space. So in rock planets' space, many meterials are less intergrated than gas planets' space. So Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune is bigger than Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars.

2.How did gas planets created?

Maybe you learned that Gas planets don't have surface that you can walk. But if we go to inner of Gas planets' atmosphere,  we can find a planet that have a liquid surface. Maybe liquid is created by gas' pressure. Liquid was maybe a gas. Maybe Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,Neptune were rock planets. But because of their strong gravity, they have very big atmosphere. And it would became gas planets. 

Our blue planet, Earth.

 We know Earth is round and Earth turns the Sun. 
http://travelingcosmos.blogspot.kr/2013/12/how-do-we-know-earth-is-round.html
http://travelingcosmos.blogspot.kr/2013/12/how-do-we-know-earth-turns-sun.html
 We lives in blue planet, Earth. Let's know about our home, Earth. 

1.Earth's orbit
  Earth turns the sun. How far earth to the sun? Earth's orbit's radius is about 150000000km, or 1AU. Earth's orbit is ellipse but it is nearly circle. Its eccentricity is about 0.016. Earth's Orbital period is about 365.24days, or1year. Earth's average skidding speed is about 29.8m/s.

2.Earth physical characteristics



Mass:5.97219×10²⁴ kg

Radius:6,371.0 km

Volume:1.08321×10¹² km³

Density:5.515 g/cm<sup>3

Lowest temperature:</sup>−89.2 °C


Average:15 °C

Highest temperature:56.7 °C

Surface pressure:101KPa

Compositon: 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen 0.93% argon 0.04%carbon dioxide

How do we know Earth turns the sun?

 How do we know Earth turns the sun? We can't feel Earth turns the sun. Because human being can't feel Earth turns the sun, in 16th Century, most people believed Earth is center of cosmos. And let's know how do we know Earth turns the sun.
But, normal people can't feel Earth turns the sun. If you want to feel Earth turns the sun, you should observe sun and planets. And use data to prove Earth turns the sun.

1.Copernicus' observed data
 Why does Copernicus claim Earth turns the sun? He compared with his observed data to geocentrism. But it 
occured 8 ° error. So he compared to heliocentricism. It was 

accurate. But his data is professional,so we can't know about

it. 

2.Venus and Mercury

There is the sun, and there is the Earth. We saw, observed 

data of Venus,we can saw Venus is not more than 40 ° off to 

the Sun. So we can think Venus is located between the Sun 

and the Earth. Mercury is similar. But its angle is smaller than 

Venus. So we can think Mercury is located between the Sun 

and the Venus. And we can see Venus changes the shape 

like moon. If Venus turns the Earth, this phenomenon never 

occurs. So we can think Mercury and Venus turns the Sun.





3.Mars

Somedays, Mars is close and, somedays, Mars is far. SoMars 
turns the sun. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune is similar. So 
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune turn the sun, too. And let's prove Earth .

Sun's gravity makes planets turn the sun. So Earth turns the sun, too.

How do we know Earth is round?

 Everyone knows Earth is round. Most of the people can't fell Earth is round. Almostly, they feel Earth is square. (Everyone knows Earth is round) is only result of education. So how do we know Earth is round?

1.Boat

 Imagine that you are in port and one boat is going to horizon. And we can see that boat is a little bit going down. Earth is round, so we can see this scene.

2.Lunar Eclipse

 Do you know Lunar eclipse? Lunar eclipse is phenomena that when Sun-Earth-Moon is a straight line,Moon become obscured by  Earth's shadow. Earth's shadow's shape is round. So we can know Earth is round. 

3.Time difference

 Each place's time is different. When Korea's students go to school, London and Paris' children are sleeping. If Earth isn't round, at the same time sun is rise, and at the same time evening is coming. But each place's time is different. So we can know Earth is round. 

4. Questions

 And We may have some questions. Let's solve questions. 

1.If Earth is round, why we don't fall? 

Because of Earth's gravity.

2.Earth is turning fast. Why we don't thrown into space?

Because air is turnig same speed, too.

3.Why we can't feel Earth is round?

Because we are so small.

Families of Solar systmem

 Let's learn about families of solar system.
1.Sun
Firstly, there is king of solar system, the Sun. Sun's mass is 99.8% of whole solar system's mess. Its surfacs's temperature is about 6000 degrees Celsius. And we can see many black points on the sun's surface. It's called "Sunspots" Sunspot is area that cold than usual sun's surface.  Sunspots' temperature is about 4000 degrees Celsius. Sun's gravity makes planets to turn the Sun. Sun's gravitational field's radius is about 2 light-year.

 

2.Planets

 There are 8 planets in solar system. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune are 8 planets. Jupiter is the biggest planet in solar system. Saturn is 2nd, Uranus is 3nd, Neptune is 4nd(But Neptune is heavier than Uranus).

This is planets' mass porpotation graph.

Bluish green is Jupiter, orange is Saturn, brown is Neptune, pale blue is Uranus. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars are rocky planet. It has a land that you can walk. Rocky planets are small and have big density.

And Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune are called "Gas Giant" They are big and they are not rocky. They have lots of gas. So they don't have a land that you can walk. They have small density.

 

 




3.Dwarf planets
 Dwarf planets can keep sphere shape by its gravity, but it can't be planets. They are smaller than planets. Pluto is typical dwarf planets. Pluto was planet, but it changed to dwarf planets. Because one object that is heavier than pluto was discovered.(Eris). And many object that similar to Pluto were discovered. So we must add many palnets. So Astronomers made new level called "dwarf planet" How do we classify planets and dwarf planets? These are define of planet. If some object want to be a planet, it must satisfy does 3 conditions.

 1.Objects with true masses below the limiting mass for thermonuclear fusion of deuterium (currently calculated to be 13 times the mass of Jupiter for objects with the same isotopic abundance as the Sun) that orbit stars or stellar remnants are "planets" (no matter how they formed). The minimum mass and size required for an extrasolar object to be considered a planet should be the same as that used in the Solar System.

 2.Substellar objects with true masses above the limiting mass for thermonuclear fusion of deuterium are "brown dwarfs", no matter how they formed or where they are located.

 3.Free-floating objects in young star clusters with masses below the limiting mass for thermonuclear fusion of deuterium are not "planets", but are "sub-brown dwarfs" (or whatever name is most appropriate).

These are dwarf planets.

Pluto and its moon "Caron"
Cedna 
Haumea It's looks like a egg.
Qauoar
MakeMake



4. Asteroids

Asteroids are very small. It can't keep sphere share. They are almostly gathered between Mars and Jupiters. It called "Asteroid belt"

 

5.Comet

Comet is consisted by dirty ice and rock. Representative comet is Halley's comet. It turns the Sun. Its orbit is ellipse. When it is near to the sun, it get a big and blue tail offside of the sun.

Structure of the cosmos

 Cosmos is very large. There are many blackholes, stars, galaxies, and planets. What is in our cosmos? How cosmos looklike? In the last post, I explain about structure of Solar system. And let's learn about structure of the cosmos. Many planets, many asteroids,  many moons, many comets, and one star consists One solar system. There are many solar systems in our cosmos. Many solar system consists One galaxy. This is our Galaxy "Milky Way"
Solar systems turnscenter of galaxy.  Galaxies usually have blackhole in its center. Blacke hole's gravity is very strong, so galaxies do not break up. There are many galaxies in our cosmos. 

(M31) ( Andromeda)

 Many galaxies consist "Local groups of galaxies"
And there are many local groups of galaxies in our cosmos. Comsmos is very large. We can't see all of cosmos. Because cosmos is growing faster than light. May be our humans will go to these worlds!

Earth-Solar system-Galaxy-Local groups of galaxies-Cosmos

 

The structure of the solar system

 We can see the sun in the sky. Our Earth turns the sun.  Sun is very heavy. Many planets turns the sun. Sun and many objects that turns the sun called "Solar system" Solar system's center is the sun. Mercury is the closest to the sun. Venus is 2nd, Earth is 3rd, Mars is 4th, Jupiter is 5th, Saturn is 6th, Uranus is 7th, Neptune is 9th.  Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars are rocky planet. It has a land that you can walk. Rocky planets are small and have big density.

And Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune are called "Gas Giant" They are big and they are not rocky. They have lots of gas. So they don't have a land that you can walk. They have small density.

 

 

 

And there is no big planet over the Neptune. Astros that farther than Neptune called TNOs. Over the Neptune, there are Kuiper belt, and Oortclod. In kuiper belt there are many asteroids and dwarf planets. Pluto, Haumea, Makemake, Eris, Sedna,Quaor are dwarf planets. Oort cloud is end of the solar system. Oort cloud is origin of long period  comet. Oort cloud's end is about 50000AU from the Sun. It's our Solar system.

(Oort cloud. www.newscientist.com)

 

 

Large Cosmos

  Our home is Earth. But maybe we won't stay in Earth. Population is increasing rapidly. And global warming is important problem. Our earth’s temperature is going up. 100 years later, Earth’s temperature will maybe go up 6 degrees. And we'll go to cosmos. Earth is narrow. We will go to Moon and Mars. So we should study and research about cosmos. And we should interested in cosmos. Our Earth is narrow. Earth’s equatorial radius is about 6300km. But Sun’s radius is 700000km. Sun’s radius is 109 times longer than Earth’s radius. And our Solar system’s radius is 50000AU. AU is 150000000km. And our galaxy’s radius is 100000 light-year. Light year is length that light going one year. Light’s speed is 300000km/s. 1 light-year is about 9000000000000km. Our cosmos is large. Our cosmos is swelling rapidly faster than ligth. So we can see only one part of the cosmos. If you are young, you will be explore the large cosmos

About me and this blog

 

 Hy. My name is Jangwon. I started this blog at 2013/12/9. I am korean so I can mistake in grammer. Please understand me. My blog’s name is “Traveling cosmos” Cosmos don't means a plant cosmos. It means the universe. Why cosmos means universe? Because cosmos means order. The universe is orderly. I lover cosmos. Because is beautiful and wonderful. I will write about Solar system, galaxy, blackhole and many Physics information. I will upload this blog once a day. If you visit my blog, you can know many knowledge about cosmos.

 

(Beautiful cosmos)